Carbon neutrality refers to achieving a net zero carbon emissions level through waste reduction and the use of carbon offsets or other carbon-free energy sources. A carbon neutrality initiative may include other greenhouse gases with a known negative impact on the environment in addition to carbon dioxide. There are several approaches to achieving carbon neutrality.
To be responsible citizens, businesses, educational institutions, and other large facilities may want to achieve carbon neutrality. Concern for the environment can be an important part of business practices, especially in a community where companies that work to reduce their environmental footprint may be viewed favorably by prospective customers. It may also qualify companies for awards, special certifications, tax exemptions, and other benefits by reducing resource usage in some cases.
A mandate to reduce energy use is frequently included as part of a commitment to carbon neutrality. Better appliances, new policies, and changes to working conditions that make it easier to save energy, such as adding windows for natural light, could all help. Companies can also encourage employees to carpool, develop reduced packaging for products, and take other waste-reduction measures. All of these actions can reduce not only carbon emissions, but also other types of waste.
Carbon neutrality will not be achieved solely through reductions, as some carbon emissions will still occur. One way to get closer to net zero is to use energy derived from non-carbon-producing sources such as wind and water. This can reduce the amount of carbon produced by a company. Additionally, carbon offsets can be purchased to fund activities such as tree planting and alternative energy development. The offsets compensate for the carbon emissions that the company cannot avoid.
Other greenhouse gases may be measured in carbon dioxide equivalents if a carbon neutrality program also wants to address them. The company will work to offset the carbon dioxide equivalents in addition to the actual carbon dioxide it produces. Carbon-neutral initiatives can also be combined with programs that reduce water waste and help the environment in other ways. Companies that intend to use such programs to qualify for benefits such as tax exemptions must keep track of their records.