Simple microscopes differ from other types of microscopes in that they only have one lens. These products are, on the whole, portable and useful for beginners. Magnifying glasses and loupes are examples of simple microscopes that amplify and enlarge objects, so these two items are ideal for most simple microscope choices. When selecting these products, consider factors such as magnification, portability, and specific visual requirements. Metal composition, glass lens, specimen holders, and light fixtures are recommended for a slightly more advanced microscope that is still simplistic in function.
Microscopes are devices that enlarge small objects for viewing, and the primary component of a simple microscope is the lens. Lenses are optical devices that bend and redirect light waves. When choosing a simple microscope, a good lens is most important, and as a rule of thumb, the smaller the lens, the higher the magnification capabilities. A smaller magnification will suffice for projects like examining pictures and words, whereas larger magnification will be required for scientific projects. The addition of a small light source to the magnifier can also be beneficial.
Another factor to consider is how you use the simple microscope. Magnifying glasses, for example, usually have the lens attached to a handle. On the other hand, a loupe device is typically smaller and more portable. The lens is housed in a metal device that can be swung out to be used. Other varieties can be set up on a flat surface with the lens attached to a bendable fixture that allows for hands-free viewing and viewing adjustment.
Although microscopes are typically used for up-close viewing, a monocular can magnify objects that are further away. These small gadgets are similar to miniature telescopes. They manipulate light through a series of lenses to produce a magnified image. Monoculars are also very portable due to their small size.
When used in conjunction with a pair of glasses, a monocular can be very useful for people who have vision problems. Furthermore, as people age, their vision will likely deteriorate, necessitating the use of a lens with a higher magnification. Simple microscopes, such as bar magnifiers that can be placed directly on top of objects, could be useful for seeing-impaired people.
Even better, you can build your own simple microscope. For example, a rudimentary lens can be made from a drop of water placed inside a paperclip loop or a hole punched in a tin. Another type can be created by changing the light bulb in a penlight. Even a glass rod and a Bunsen burner flame can be used to make effective simple lenses.
Some simple compound microscopes are available if you want a more traditional multi-lens compound microscope that is low in price and easy to use. A good microscope will be made of metal and have glass lenses that can reflect various colors. A basic stereo microscope will have two eyepieces that allow for three-dimensional viewing, as well as additional fixtures such as a stage to hold the specimen and a simple light fixture like a prism or mirror. Although magnification will not be as high as in more complex microscope designs, a reasonable range of 10x–40x magnification could be selected. This means that the object will be magnified by the microscope anywhere from 10 to 40 times its original size.